County food-access profile · Iowa
Washington County, IA
Washington County's food-access picture is close to the national norm, with pockets that qualify as low-access. This profile breaks down who qualifies as a food desert and the income, SNAP, and vehicle-access context behind it.
- 8.9%
- low-access pop.
- 1
- food-desert tracts
- 8.1%
- on SNAP
- 23K
- residents (ACS 2024)
The food-access picture
8.9% of Washington County residents live in a low-access area, and 1 of its 5 census tracts are USDA-designated food deserts.
- 2
- low-access tracts
- 651
- food-desert residents
- 4.8%
- households, no vehicle
- 8.2%
- below poverty line
Low access = living more than 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket. Food deserts add a low-income condition (USDA LILA, 1-and-10-mile measure).
Washington County's low-access share sits near the national share, at 8.9% per the USDA Atlas. 2 of the county's 5 census tracts are flagged low-access, covering roughly 1,928 residents who live far from a supermarket. 1 of those also meet the low-income condition that defines a food desert, home to roughly 651 low-income residents.
How the USDA defines low-access and food-desert tracts
The USDA measures food access by distance to the nearest supermarket. A census tract is "low-access" when a meaningful share of residents live more than one mile from a supermarket in urban areas, or more than ten miles in rural areas. A tract becomes a "food desert" only when it is both low-access and low-income, because distance is far harder to overcome for households without a car or a cushion in the budget. Counts on this page are aggregated from the tract level, where the federal data is actually published, so a single county figure can hide neighbourhoods that are much better or much worse served than the average. Distance also does not capture everything that shapes whether a family eats well: the presence of a full-service grocer rather than a convenience store, public transit, food pantries, and the price and quality of what is on the shelf all matter beyond the radius the Atlas can draw.
How Washington County compares nationally
Washington County lands in the middle of the national distribution: a 8.9% low-access share that beats 18% of the 3,133 U.S. counties with USDA data (rank #2,575).
Washington County: USDA Food-Access Tier Breakdown
All 5 census tracts in Washington County, grouped by USDA classification (see "How the USDA defines low-access and food-desert tracts" above for what each tier means).
Washington County vs. other Iowa counties
Share of the population living in low-access areas, compared with other counties in Iowa
- Washington
Washington County, IA
8.9 % low-access
- Adair
Adair County, IA
8 % low-access
- Adams
Adams County, IA
6.4 % low-access
- Allamakee
Allamakee County, IA
10.9 % low-access
- Appanoose
Appanoose County, IA
15.7 % low-access
- Audubon
Audubon County, IA
7.4 % low-access
Food Access (USDA FARA 2019)
| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| Census Tracts | 5 |
| Atlas Population (2010 basis) | 21,704 |
| Low-Access Tracts | 2 |
| Food-Desert Tracts (low-income & low-access) | 1 |
| Low-Access Population | 1,928 |
| Low-Access Share | 8.9%well below the national average |
| Low-Income & Low-Access Population | 651 |
Demographics & Assistance (Census ACS 2024)
| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| Population | 22,561 |
| Median Household Income | $75,647 |
| Poverty Rate | 8.2%well below the national average |
| SNAP Households | 728 |
| SNAP Participation Rate | 8.1%below the national average |
| Households Without a Vehicle | 4.8%well below the national average |
| Group-Quarters Population | 1.5% |
About 8.1% of Washington County households receive SNAP, versus a U.S. county median in the 11–13% range (Census ACS).
What this means
- 8.9% of residents are low-access, near the national share for U.S. counties.
- 8.1% of households receive SNAP, the federal program that offsets food costs for 728 households here.
- 4.8% of households have no vehicle, the hidden multiplier that turns distance into a real barrier.
- 1 tract meet the USDA food-desert threshold (low-income and low-access).
USDA low-access figures reflect the 2019 Atlas (2010 tract populations); socioeconomic context is the latest Census ACS 5-year (2024).
What the food-access data shows for Washington County
near the national share
1 of Washington County's 5 census tracts are USDA-designated food deserts, low-income areas where many residents also live far from a supermarket, about 20.0% of all its tracts.
A further 1 tract is low-access but not low-income, bringing the total low-access tract count to 2.
An estimated 1,928 residents, roughly 8.9% of the county's 2010 population, live in one of these low-access areas.
Of those, 651 are also low-income, the group most exposed to genuine food hardship, since limited transportation compounds a limited budget.
The remaining 3 tracts (60.0%) meet the USDA's adequate-access threshold.
SNAP retailers in Washington County
Washington County has 25 stores currently authorized to accept SNAP (EBT) benefits, across 5 store categories. Convenience Store lead with 11 locations (44% of the total), followed by combination grocery/other.
Convenience Store · 11
- casey's 1025, kalona
- casey's 3900, riverside
- casey's 42, wellman
- casey's general store 1624, washington
- casey's general store 2629, riverside
- casey's general store 3528, washington
- kwik star 1738, kalona
- maverik 5170, riverside
- washington fast and fresh 1850, washington
- washington spirits & tobacco, washington
- westside petro, kalona
Combination Grocery/Other · 7
- dollar general 18476, brighton
- dollar general 15298, kalona
- dollar general 21535, washington
- dollar general 21630, riverside
- dollar general 22061, wellman
- dollar tree 7982, washington
- la morenita tienda y taqueria, washington
Large Grocery Store · 3
- dutch market llc no, washington
- freeman foods, wellman
- jws foods inc, kalona
Super Store · 3
- fareway stores, inc. 554, washington
- hy-vee food store 1850, washington
- walmart 1475, washington
Meat/Poultry Specialty · 1
- buds custom meats inc, riverside
Source: USDA SNAP Retailer Locator, currently authorized retailers.
Other Counties in Iowa
Compare Washington County vs Adair County → · All Iowa counties →
Food access nationally, Iowa in context
Washington County sits inside Iowa (ringed). Each state is colored by its population-weighted low-access share; click any state to compare.
USDA Economic Research Service, Food Access Research Atlas (2019), population-weighted · Census ACS 2024 context
Understand the Data
Frequently Asked Questions
What share of Washington County has low food access? ▼
What is the SNAP participation rate in Washington County? ▼
What is the poverty rate in Washington County? ▼
Is Washington County a food desert? ▼
What share of Washington County households lack a vehicle? ▼
Data Sources & Methodology
USDA Economic Research Service, Food Access Research Atlas (2019): low-access and food-desert tract classifications, low-access population, and low-income low-access counts. ers.usda.gov/food-access-research-atlas
U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2024 5-Year Estimates: population, median income, poverty, SNAP participation, vehicle access, and group quarters. census.gov/programs-surveys/acs
Low access is defined as living more than 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket; a food desert adds a low-income condition. Read the full methodology →
Data current as of (most recent source-data vintage; figures reflect the 2019 USDA Atlas and 2024 Census ACS).
Note: This page presents public USDA and Census data for informational purposes and is not professional advice. Figures reflect the cited dataset vintages and may differ from the most recent local conditions. How this data is sourced & verified.