County food-access profile · South Dakota

Lake County, SD

Lake County's food-access picture is close to the national norm, with pockets that qualify as low-access. This profile breaks down who qualifies as a food desert and the income, SNAP, and vehicle-access context behind it.

19.1%
low-access pop.
0
food-desert tracts
5.2%
on SNAP
11K
residents (ACS 2024)
USDA FARA 2019 Census ACS 2024 SD

The food-access picture

19.1% of Lake County residents live in a low-access area, though none of its tracts meet the USDA food-desert threshold.

3
low-access tracts
272
food-desert residents
3.5%
households, no vehicle
8.4%
below poverty line

Low access = living more than 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket. Food deserts add a low-income condition (USDA LILA, 1-and-10-mile measure).

Lake County's low-access share sits near the national share, at 19.1% per the USDA Atlas. 3 of the county's 3 census tracts are flagged low-access, covering roughly 2,137 residents who live far from a supermarket. None of them meet the low-income condition that would additionally classify them as food deserts.

How the USDA defines low-access and food-desert tracts

The USDA measures food access by distance to the nearest supermarket. A census tract is "low-access" when a meaningful share of residents live more than one mile from a supermarket in urban areas, or more than ten miles in rural areas. A tract becomes a "food desert" only when it is both low-access and low-income, because distance is far harder to overcome for households without a car or a cushion in the budget. Counts on this page are aggregated from the tract level, where the federal data is actually published, so a single county figure can hide neighbourhoods that are much better or much worse served than the average. Distance also does not capture everything that shapes whether a family eats well: the presence of a full-service grocer rather than a convenience store, public transit, food pantries, and the price and quality of what is on the shelf all matter beyond the radius the Atlas can draw.

How Lake County compares nationally

Lake County lands in the middle of the national distribution: a 19.1% low-access share that beats 44% of the 3,133 U.S. counties with USDA data (rank #1,761).

lower low-accesshigher low-access

Lake County: USDA Food-Access Tier Breakdown

All 3 census tracts in Lake County, grouped by USDA classification (see "How the USDA defines low-access and food-desert tracts" above for what each tier means).

Food access tier distribution for Lake County, SD USDA-defined food-access tiers: 0 census tracts adequate (within distance threshold), 3 limited, 0 severe (low-income low-access food desert). Total 3 tracts evaluated. 3 tracts limited (100.0%) Adequate 0% Limited 100% Severe 0% Food-access tier distribution: Lake County, SD
Source: USDA Economic Research Service, Food Access Research Atlas 2019

Lake County vs. other South Dakota counties

Share of the population living in low-access areas, compared with other counties in South Dakota

% low-access
Source USDA Economic Research Service, Food Access Research Atlas As of 2019 edition

Food Access (USDA FARA 2019)

USDA Food Access Research Atlas 2019 indicators for Lake County
IndicatorValue
Census Tracts3
Atlas Population (2010 basis)11,200
Low-Access Tracts3
Food-Desert Tracts (low-income & low-access)0
Low-Access Population2,137
Low-Access Share19.1%below the national average
Low-Income & Low-Access Population272

Demographics & Assistance (Census ACS 2024)

Census ACS 2024 demographic and SNAP data for Lake County
IndicatorValue
Population10,972
Median Household Income$76,808
Poverty Rate8.4%well below the national average
SNAP Households246
SNAP Participation Rate5.2%well below the national average
Households Without a Vehicle3.5%well below the national average
Group-Quarters Population4.9%
SNAP participation in Lake County 5.2%

About 5.2% of Lake County households receive SNAP, versus a U.S. county median in the 11–13% range (Census ACS).

What this means

  • 19.1% of residents are low-access, near the national share for U.S. counties.
  • 5.2% of households receive SNAP, the federal program that offsets food costs for 246 households here.
  • 3.5% of households have no vehicle, the hidden multiplier that turns distance into a real barrier.
  • Median household income is $76,808 with a 8.4% poverty rate.

USDA low-access figures reflect the 2019 Atlas (2010 tract populations); socioeconomic context is the latest Census ACS 5-year (2024).

What the food-access data shows for Lake County

near the national share

A further 3 tracts are low-access but not low-income, bringing the total low-access tract count to 3.

An estimated 2,137 residents, roughly 19.1% of the county's 2010 population, live in one of these low-access areas.

Of those, 272 are also low-income, the group most exposed to genuine food hardship, since limited transportation compounds a limited budget.

SNAP retailers in Lake County

Lake County has 7 stores currently authorized to accept SNAP (EBT) benefits, across 3 store categories. Combination Grocery/Other lead with 3 locations (43% of the total), followed by convenience store.

Combination Grocery/Other · 3

  • dollar general 10937, madison
  • dollar general 30327, madison
  • lewis drug 5, madison

Convenience Store · 3

  • casey's 1718, madison
  • dakota butcher-madison inc, madison
  • kwik star 1759, madison

Super Store · 1

  • madison grocery store inc, madison

Source: USDA SNAP Retailer Locator, currently authorized retailers.

Other Counties in South Dakota

Compare Lake County vs Aurora County → · All South Dakota counties →

Food access nationally, South Dakota in context

Lake County sits inside South Dakota (ringed). Each state is colored by its population-weighted low-access share; click any state to compare.

USDA Economic Research Service, Food Access Research Atlas (2019), population-weighted · Census ACS 2024 context

Understand the Data

Frequently Asked Questions

What share of Lake County has low food access?
19.1% of residents in Lake County, SD live in low-access areas, more than 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket, per the USDA Food Access Research Atlas (2019).
What is the SNAP participation rate in Lake County?
5.2% of households in Lake County receive SNAP, covering 246 households (Census ACS 2024 5-year estimates).
What is the poverty rate in Lake County?
The poverty rate in Lake County, SD is 8.4%, with a median household income of $76,808 (Census ACS 2024).
Is Lake County a food desert?
0 of Lake County's 3 census tracts meet the USDA food-desert threshold (low-income and low-access). No tracts here meet both conditions in the 2019 Atlas.
What share of Lake County households lack a vehicle?
3.5% of households in Lake County have no vehicle available (Census ACS 2024), which compounds any distance to a supermarket.
Data Sources & Methodology

USDA Economic Research Service, Food Access Research Atlas (2019): low-access and food-desert tract classifications, low-access population, and low-income low-access counts. ers.usda.gov/food-access-research-atlas

U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2024 5-Year Estimates: population, median income, poverty, SNAP participation, vehicle access, and group quarters. census.gov/programs-surveys/acs

Low access is defined as living more than 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket; a food desert adds a low-income condition. Read the full methodology →

Data current as of (most recent source-data vintage; figures reflect the 2019 USDA Atlas and 2024 Census ACS).

Note: This page presents public USDA and Census data for informational purposes and is not professional advice. Figures reflect the cited dataset vintages and may differ from the most recent local conditions. How this data is sourced & verified.