State food-access profile · 1 counties

Food access in District of Columbia

How far District of Columbia residents live from a supermarket, where the food deserts are, and the SNAP, poverty, and vehicle-access context, from the USDA Food Access Research Atlas (2019) and the Census ACS (2024).

4.6%
low-access pop.
12
food-desert tracts
14.3%
on SNAP
1
counties

The statewide picture

About 28K District of Columbia residents - 4.6% - live in a low-access area, and 12 census tracts across the state are USDA-designated food deserts.

28K
low-access residents
10K
food-desert residents
36.0%
households, no vehicle
15.4%
below poverty line

Shares are population-weighted across the state's tracts, not an average of county percentages. Low access = >1 mile (urban) / >10 miles (rural) from a supermarket.

Where District of Columbia stands nationally

Every state colored by its population-weighted low-access share, District of Columbia is ringed. Click any state to compare.

USDA Economic Research Service, Food Access Research Atlas (2019), population-weighted · Census ACS 2024 context

The USDA Food Access Research Atlas evaluates every census tract in District of Columbia against the same rule used nationwide: a tract is low-access when many residents live more than one mile from a supermarket in urban areas, or more than ten miles in rural areas. Across 1 counties and 681K residents, District of Columbia's population-weighted low-access share is 4.6%.

A tract becomes a food desert only when its low-access residents are also low-income. That applies to 12 tracts in District of Columbia, home to roughly 10K low-income, low-access residents. SNAP participation across the state averages 14.3% of households, and 36.0% of households have no vehicle, the transport gap that turns distance into a real barrier. The county table below is sorted with the highest low-access share first, so the top rows are where distance, income, and vehicle gaps most consistently overlap.

1
Counties
4.6%
Low-access (pop-weighted)
28K
Low-access residents
14.3%
Avg. SNAP

Highest low-access counties in District of Columbia

Share of the population living in low-access areas, by county

% low-access
Source USDA Economic Research Service, Food Access Research Atlas As of 2019 edition

All counties in District of Columbia

County Low-accessSNAP
District of Columbia 4.6% 14.3%

Source: USDA ERS Food Access Research Atlas (2019) + U.S. Census Bureau ACS (2024 5-year). Sorted by low-access share, highest first. USDA ERS Food Access Research Atlas (2019) + U.S. Census Bureau ACS (2024 5-year). Sorted by low-access share, highest first.

What this means for the state

  • 4.6% of District of Columbia residents, about 28K people, live in a low-access area.
  • 12 census tracts are USDA food deserts, home to roughly 10K low-income, low-access residents.
  • 14.3% of households receive SNAP, and 36.0% have no vehicle.
  • District of Columbia has the state's highest low-access share at 4.6%.

USDA low-access figures reflect the 2019 Atlas (2010 tract populations); SNAP, poverty, and vehicle context is the Census ACS 2024 5-year estimates.

Frequently Asked Questions

What share of District of Columbia has low food access?
4.6% of District of Columbia residents live in low-access areas (population-weighted across the state's tracts), per the USDA Food Access Research Atlas (2019).
How many food deserts are in District of Columbia?
12 census tracts in District of Columbia are USDA-designated food deserts, both low-access and low-income, home to roughly 10K low-income residents.
What is the SNAP participation rate in District of Columbia?
Across District of Columbia counties, an average of 14.3% of households receive SNAP (Census ACS 2024), though rates vary between urban and rural areas.
Which county in District of Columbia has the worst food access?
District of Columbia has the highest low-access share in District of Columbia at 4.6%, with 14.3% SNAP participation.

According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service Food Access Research Atlas (2019 edition), 9,228 of roughly 71,700 U.S. census tracts meet the low-income, low-access food-desert threshold. The state and county figures on this page are aggregated from that tract-level data and joined to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2024 5-Year Estimates, released in December 2025. See our methodology for how the population-weighted shares are computed.

Data current as of (most recent source-data vintage).