County food-access profile · California

Imperial County, CA

Imperial County's food-access picture is close to the national norm, with pockets that qualify as low-access. This profile breaks down who qualifies as a food desert and the income, SNAP, and vehicle-access context behind it.

17.6%
low-access pop.
9
food-desert tracts
28.7%
on SNAP
180K
residents (ACS 2024)
USDA FARA 2019 Census ACS 2024 CA

The food-access picture

17.6% of Imperial County residents live in a low-access area, and 9 of its 31 census tracts are USDA-designated food deserts.

13
low-access tracts
13K
food-desert residents
6.1%
households, no vehicle
19.5%
below poverty line

Low access = living more than 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket. Food deserts add a low-income condition (USDA LILA, 1-and-10-mile measure).

Imperial County's low-access share sits near the national share, at 17.6% per the USDA Atlas. 13 of the county's 31 census tracts are flagged low-access, covering roughly 30,789 residents who live far from a supermarket. 9 of those also meet the low-income condition that defines a food desert, home to roughly 13,349 low-income residents.

How the USDA defines low-access and food-desert tracts

The USDA measures food access by distance to the nearest supermarket. A census tract is "low-access" when a meaningful share of residents live more than one mile from a supermarket in urban areas, or more than ten miles in rural areas. A tract becomes a "food desert" only when it is both low-access and low-income, because distance is far harder to overcome for households without a car or a cushion in the budget. Counts on this page are aggregated from the tract level, where the federal data is actually published, so a single county figure can hide neighbourhoods that are much better or much worse served than the average. Distance also does not capture everything that shapes whether a family eats well: the presence of a full-service grocer rather than a convenience store, public transit, food pantries, and the price and quality of what is on the shelf all matter beyond the radius the Atlas can draw.

How Imperial County compares nationally

Imperial County lands in the middle of the national distribution: a 17.6% low-access share that beats 39% of the 3,133 U.S. counties with USDA data (rank #1,907).

lower low-accesshigher low-access

Imperial County: USDA Food-Access Tier Breakdown

All 31 census tracts in Imperial County, grouped by USDA classification (see "How the USDA defines low-access and food-desert tracts" above for what each tier means).

Food access tier distribution for Imperial County, CA USDA-defined food-access tiers: 18 census tracts adequate (within distance threshold), 4 limited, 9 severe (low-income low-access food desert). Total 31 tracts evaluated. 18 tracts adequate (58.1%) 4 tracts limited (12.9%) 9 tracts severe / food desert (29.0%) Adequate 58% Limited 13% Severe 29% Food-access tier distribution: Imperial County, CA
Source: USDA Economic Research Service, Food Access Research Atlas 2019

Imperial County vs. other California counties

Share of the population living in low-access areas, compared with other counties in California

% low-access
Source USDA Economic Research Service, Food Access Research Atlas As of 2019 edition

Food Access (USDA FARA 2019)

USDA Food Access Research Atlas 2019 indicators for Imperial County
IndicatorValue
Census Tracts31
Atlas Population (2010 basis)174,528
Low-Access Tracts13
Food-Desert Tracts (low-income & low-access)9
Low-Access Population30,789
Low-Access Share17.6%below the national average
Low-Income & Low-Access Population13,349

Demographics & Assistance (Census ACS 2024)

Census ACS 2024 demographic and SNAP data for Imperial County
IndicatorValue
Population180,202
Median Household Income$57,681
Poverty Rate19.5%above the national average
SNAP Households14,225
SNAP Participation Rate28.7%well above the national average
Households Without a Vehicle6.1%below the national average
Group-Quarters Population4.0%
SNAP participation in Imperial County 28.7%

About 28.7% of Imperial County households receive SNAP, versus a U.S. county median in the 11–13% range (Census ACS).

What this means

  • 17.6% of residents are low-access, near the national share for U.S. counties.
  • 28.7% of households receive SNAP, the federal program that offsets food costs for 14,225 households here.
  • 6.1% of households have no vehicle, the hidden multiplier that turns distance into a real barrier.
  • 9 tracts meet the USDA food-desert threshold (low-income and low-access).

USDA low-access figures reflect the 2019 Atlas (2010 tract populations); socioeconomic context is the latest Census ACS 5-year (2024).

What the food-access data shows for Imperial County

near the national share

9 of Imperial County's 31 census tracts are USDA-designated food deserts, low-income areas where many residents also live far from a supermarket, about 29.0% of all its tracts.

A further 4 tracts are low-access but not low-income, bringing the total low-access tract count to 13.

An estimated 30,789 residents, roughly 17.6% of the county's 2010 population, live in one of these low-access areas.

Of those, 13,349 are also low-income, the group most exposed to genuine food hardship, since limited transportation compounds a limited budget.

The remaining 18 tracts (58.1%) meet the USDA's adequate-access threshold.

SNAP retailers in Imperial County

Imperial County has 136 stores currently authorized to accept SNAP (EBT) benefits, across 8 store categories. Convenience Store lead with 66 locations (49% of the total), followed by combination grocery/other.

Convenience Store · 66

  • 5 brothers fuel stop, calexico
  • 7-eleven store 21028b, el centro
  • 7-eleven 21836j, el centro
  • 7-eleven 22906d, holtville
  • 7-eleven 23229, brawley
  • 7-eleven 24811k, el centro
  • 7-eleven 26684m, el centro
  • 7-eleven 32300k, calexico
  • 7-eleven 36027a, calexico
  • 7-eleven 46679, calexico
  • 7-eleven, inc. 23409j, calexico
  • 7-eleven 34656b, calexico
  • 76 market, el centro
  • arco am/pm, calexico
  • arco am pm, brawley
  • arco ampm, heber
  • arco ampm 42316, imperial
  • aten express, imperial
  • borderview arco, calexico
  • brawley fuel and food #2, brawley
  • brawley fuel and food 565, brawley
  • brawley liquor, brawley
  • circle a food store, brawley
  • calexico fuel and food, calexico
  • calipatria queen market inc, calipatria
  • chevron 6844, el centro
  • circle k #9506 2709506, el centro
  • circle k #9508 2709508, calipatria
  • circle k 2721391, heber
  • circle k el centro, el centro
  • circle k gas station, calexico
  • circle k stores 2709283, brawley
  • el centro arco am pm, el centro
  • el centro convenience, el centro
  • el centro fuel and food, el centro
  • el centro fuel and food #2 570, el centro
  • fillco mini mart, brawley
  • h&m fuel inc, imperial
  • imperial valley arco am pm, el centro
  • javier's liquor, brawley
  • johnnys liquor, westmorland
  • keys bargain, imperial
  • love's travel stop 749, westmorland
  • maverik, inc 729, el centro
  • niland soco mini mart, niland
  • ocotillo chevron 1, ocotillo
  • partyland & loveland, brawley
  • patriot gas, el centro
  • pilot travel center 1132, brawley
  • prime fuel & mini mart, brawley
  • rocket #1443 1443, heber
  • san luis market, thermal
  • shell #6847 6847, holtville
  • shell 59042, el centro
  • shell 6845, el centro
  • speedway 4346, calexico
  • speedway 5150, calexico
  • super 99 & party store, el centro
  • the c b stop, inc., calexico
  • the chow, niland
  • union food market, holtville
  • wake liqour 2, el centro
  • wake market, el centro
  • western liquor, brawley
  • westmorland truck stop, westmorland
  • whitteds liquor 0101459, brawley

Combination Grocery/Other · 20

  • cvs pharmacy 10931, el centro
  • cvs/pharmacy 11141, calexico
  • dollartree 10641, calexico
  • dollar general 20942, calexico
  • dollar general 21428, holtville
  • dollar general 21879, thermal
  • dollar general 23460, brawley
  • dollar general 25442, westmorland
  • dollar general store 17010, calipatria
  • dollar tree 2850, calexico
  • dollar tree 3061, brawley
  • dollar tree 3748, el centro
  • dollar tree 3752, el centro
  • family dollar 10238, brawley
  • family dollar 12116, calexico
  • family dollar 9258, el centro
  • family dollar 9291, salton city
  • family dollar store 10434, holtville
  • mayo's candy shop, el centro
  • walgreens 06856, el centro

Medium Grocery Store · 18

  • antonio meat market 1, el centro
  • california mayoreo y menudeo, calexico
  • el sol market, imperial
  • el sol market, west morland
  • el sol market, el centro
  • el sol market, el centro
  • el sol market # 2, brawley
  • euclid market, el centro
  • garcia market, brawley
  • kennedy's market 1, heber
  • la colmena produce & meat, brawley
  • los compadres market, el centro
  • mother earth nutrition, brawley
  • mother earth nutrition, calexico
  • pico's golden market, el centro
  • seeley market, seeley
  • the new college view market, brawley
  • yeyas market, niland

Super Store · 12

  • cardenas 23, el centro
  • cardenas 34, calexico
  • costco wholesale 121, el centro
  • dollar general market 14455, el centro
  • food 4 less 774, el centro
  • food 4 less 781, calexico
  • grocery outlet of el centro 486, el centro
  • smart & final 798, el centro
  • target store t-1816, el centro
  • walmart 1555, el centro
  • walmart 1859, calexico
  • walmart 5335, brawley

Supermarket · 12

  • aldi 79075, calexico
  • aldi 79081, el centro
  • calexico market inc, calexico
  • california super market, calexico
  • del sol, holtville
  • el sol meat market, inc., calexico
  • el sol meat market inc., calexico
  • grocery outlet 502, brawley
  • mother's nutritional center mnc 249, brawley
  • mother's nutritional center mnc 250, calexico
  • vons 1767, brawley
  • vons 2406, el centro

Small Grocery Store · 4

  • brawley meat market, brawley
  • lorenzo's gas station & mini mart, thermal
  • tonys market, calexico
  • west shores market, thermal

Large Grocery Store · 3

  • california market, calexico
  • kennedys karne, el centro
  • state foods supermarket, calipatria

Military Commissary · 1

  • el centro commissary 1908, el centro

Source: USDA SNAP Retailer Locator, currently authorized retailers.

Other Counties in California

Compare Imperial County vs Alameda County → · All California counties →

Food access nationally, California in context

Imperial County sits inside California (ringed). Each state is colored by its population-weighted low-access share; click any state to compare.

USDA Economic Research Service, Food Access Research Atlas (2019), population-weighted · Census ACS 2024 context

Understand the Data

Frequently Asked Questions

What share of Imperial County has low food access?
17.6% of residents in Imperial County, CA live in low-access areas, more than 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket, per the USDA Food Access Research Atlas (2019).
What is the SNAP participation rate in Imperial County?
28.7% of households in Imperial County receive SNAP, covering 14,225 households (Census ACS 2024 5-year estimates).
What is the poverty rate in Imperial County?
The poverty rate in Imperial County, CA is 19.5%, with a median household income of $57,681 (Census ACS 2024).
Is Imperial County a food desert?
9 of Imperial County's 31 census tracts meet the USDA food-desert threshold (low-income and low-access). Food deserts are designated at the tract level, so conditions can vary within the county.
What share of Imperial County households lack a vehicle?
6.1% of households in Imperial County have no vehicle available (Census ACS 2024), which compounds any distance to a supermarket.
Data Sources & Methodology

USDA Economic Research Service, Food Access Research Atlas (2019): low-access and food-desert tract classifications, low-access population, and low-income low-access counts. ers.usda.gov/food-access-research-atlas

U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2024 5-Year Estimates: population, median income, poverty, SNAP participation, vehicle access, and group quarters. census.gov/programs-surveys/acs

Low access is defined as living more than 1 mile (urban) or 10 miles (rural) from the nearest supermarket; a food desert adds a low-income condition. Read the full methodology →

Data current as of (most recent source-data vintage; figures reflect the 2019 USDA Atlas and 2024 Census ACS).

Note: This page presents public USDA and Census data for informational purposes and is not professional advice. Figures reflect the cited dataset vintages and may differ from the most recent local conditions. How this data is sourced & verified.